{"id":8243,"date":"2021-07-23T20:04:34","date_gmt":"2021-07-23T20:04:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cdes.org.ec\/webantigua\/?p=8243"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:25:07","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T16:25:07","slug":"carta-de-inconstitucionalidad-del-ciadi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cdes.org.ec\/webantigua\/carta-de-inconstitucionalidad-del-ciadi\/","title":{"rendered":"Carta sobre la inconstitucionalidad del CIADI"},"content":{"rendered":"

No. CDES-2021072118-AN <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>
\nQuito, 22 de julio de 2021<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sobre el inconstitucional retorno del Ecuador al Centro Internacional de Arreglo de Diferencias Relativo a Inversiones (CIADI)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Los abajo firmantes, observamos con preocupaci\u00f3n el proceso con que se ha llevado adelante la ratificaci\u00f3n del Convenio CIADI. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Llama fuertemente a la atenci\u00f3n la celeridad con la que la Corte Constitucional emiti\u00f3 un dictamen favorable a los intereses del Ejecutivo vistos otros procesos constitucionales a\u00fan en tr\u00e1mite. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>M\u00e1s a\u00fan cuando se present\u00f3 al menos cinco pedidos de recusaci\u00f3n en contra de los jueces Teresa Nuques y Hern\u00e1n Salgado, por mantener conflictos de inter\u00e9s en la resoluci\u00f3n de la causa.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Mediante este dictamen no s\u00f3lo se impidi\u00f3 que la ciudadan\u00eda delibere democr\u00e1ticamente a trav\u00e9s de sus representantes en el Parlamento sobre un tratado que va a tener impactos directos en el goce de sus derechos, sino que la propia Corte declin\u00f3 su deber constitucional de revisar la constitucionalidad de fondo del tratado, <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>[1]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/a> .<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Este forzado retorno al CIADI nos obliga a pensar en alternativas para reducir la grave exposici\u00f3n en la que se deja al pa\u00eds de sufrir nuevas demandas arbitrales resueltas por foros arbitrales constituidos al amparo del convenio CIADI que ya han costado al pa\u00eds un aproximado de USD 1930 millones .<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Particularmente vemos con preocupaci\u00f3n que la Asamblea Nacional, como m\u00e1ximo \u00f3rgano representativo de la soberan\u00eda popular, no se pronuncie reivindicando sus competencias disminuidas por el fallo de la Corte Constitucional.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Las inminentes pol\u00edticas de privatizaciones del patrimonio nacional, de cambio en el r\u00e9gimen contractual de los hidrocarburos, y de expansi\u00f3n de la frontera minera y petrolera que ha anunciado el Gobierno Nacional tienen como piedra angular la inclusi\u00f3n de mecanismos de soluci\u00f3n de controversias sesgados a favor del inversionista, bajo la desacreditada tesis del fomento a las inversiones extranjeras.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Por lo expuesto, consideramos urgente la definici\u00f3n de medidas concretas para limitar los riesgos que representan la adhesi\u00f3n al Centro Internacional de Arreglo de Diferencias Relativo a Inversiones (CIADI), para lo cual solicitamos considerar:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. a) El dictamen No. 5-21-TI \/ 21 de 30 de junio de 2021 no contiene un an\u00e1lisis sobre la constitucionalidad de fondo del Convenio CIADI. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>All\u00ed, la Corte Constitucional s\u00f3lo se pronunci\u00f3 sobre si este Convenio se encontr\u00f3 incurso en los supuestos del art\u00edculo 419 de la Constituci\u00f3n, esto es, si requer\u00eda de aprobaci\u00f3n legislativa. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Esto fue ratificado por el voto salvado de los magistrados constitucionales \u00c1vila y Herrer\u00eda quienes acusaron que dicho dictamen no realiz\u00f3 un control integral del Convenio.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Por lo tanto, queda a salvo el derecho de la ciudadan\u00eda, de los actores sociales organizados, y de instituciones como la Asamblea Nacional, a presentar una demanda de inconstitucionalidad por el fondo del tratado, tal como lo check the article 110 numeral 4 de la Ley Org\u00e1nica de Garant\u00edas Jurisdiccionales y Control Constitucional.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    La Asamblea Nacional podr\u00eda en uso de sus facultades decidir la presentaci\u00f3n institucional de una demanda de inconstitucionalidad con el fin de preservar sus competencias constitucionales restringidas por el dictamen de la Corte Constitucional.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. b) En los propios t\u00e9rminos del pedido del Ejecutivo, para perfeccionar el consentimiento a someterse a un tribunal arbitral CIADI depender\u00e1 de la suscripci\u00f3n de un segundo instrumento, como un tratado o un contrato de inversiones. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>La Asamblea Nacional en uso de sus potestades legislativas puede reformar la normativa actual que regula la suscripci\u00f3n de contratos de inversi\u00f3n a fin de excluir el arbitraje CIADI de sus cl\u00e1usulas de soluci\u00f3n de controversias, e incluso disponer que ciertos contratos por su magnitud requieran previamente de aprobaci\u00f3n legislativa.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Exhortamos a los asamble\u00edstas de todas las bancadas a considerar que se impulsen estas acciones que tienen la potencialidad de disminuir los riesgos de retornar al CIADI y proteger la soberan\u00eda nacional.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Con un saludo cordial,<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Kathy Machoa, Ex dirigente de la mujer de CONAIE.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Medardo Chimbolema, Alcalde de Guaranda<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Eric Toussaint, Doctor en Ciencias Pol\u00edticas por la Universidad de Lieja y la Universidad de Par\u00eds VIII.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Alfredo Serrano, Director ejecutivo del Centro Estrat\u00e9gico Latinoamericano de Geopol\u00edtica.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00c1lvaro Garc\u00eda Linera, Ex Vicepresidente de Bolivia.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Carlos Poveda, Abogado y doctor en Jurisprudencia.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Wilma Salgado, Ex ministra de Finanzas.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Julio Prieto, Experto de Naciones Unidas en derechos de la naturaleza.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Adoraci\u00f3n Guam\u00e1n, Doctora por las Universidades de Paris X-Nanterre y Valencia.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Agust\u00edn Burbano de Lara, Soci\u00f3logo y analista pol\u00edtico.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Piedad Mancero, Ex comisionada para la Auditor\u00eda Integral Ciudadana de los Tratados de Protecci\u00f3n Rec\u00edproca de Inversiones y del Sistema de Arbitraje Internacional en Materia de Inversiones CAITISA.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Javier Echaide es Investigador de Carrera del CONICET con sede en la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) Pablo Fajardo, Uni\u00f3n de Afectados por Texaco – UDAPT.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Atilio Bor\u00f3n, Doctor en Ciencia Pol\u00edtica por la Universidad de Harvard<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Julio C\u00e9sar Gambina, Doctor en Ciencias Sociales por la Universidad de Buenos Aires<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Beatriz Rajland, Doctora en Derecho por la Universidad de Buenos Aires<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Luciana Ghiotto, Investigadora de Carrera del CONICET con sede en la Universidad Nacional de San Mart\u00edn (UNSAM)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Liliana Costante, Abogada especializada en Derecho Constitucional, DDHH y arbitraje del CIADI.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Adri\u00e1n Cornejo, Centro de Derechos Econ\u00f3micos y Sociales – CDES.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Pablo Iturralde, Centro de Derechos Econ\u00f3micos y Sociales – CDES.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Eva Mart\u00ednez-Acosta, Centro de Derechos Econ\u00f3micos y Sociales – CDES.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Andrea Guillem, Centro de Derechos Econ\u00f3micos y Sociales – CDES.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      [1]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/a> Ver, \u201cDictamen respecto de la necesidad legislativa de aprobaci\u00f3n del Acuerdo entre la Rep\u00fablica del Ecuador y la Organizaci\u00f3n para la Prohibici\u00f3n de las Armas Qu\u00edmicas-OPAQ sobre los privilegios e inmunidades OPAO\u201d, y el \u201cDictamen respecto de la necesidad legislativa de aprobaci\u00f3n del Acuerdo de Cooperaci\u00f3n y Facilitaci\u00f3n de Inversiones entre la Rep\u00fablica del Ecuador y la Rep\u00fablica Federativa del Brasil \u201d.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      No. CDES-2021072118-AN Quito, 22 de julio de 2021 \u00a0 Sobre […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8265,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_siteseo_robots_primary_cat":"","_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[70,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8243","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-escritos","category-tratadosdeinversion"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdes.org.ec\/webantigua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8243","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdes.org.ec\/webantigua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdes.org.ec\/webantigua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdes.org.ec\/webantigua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdes.org.ec\/webantigua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8243"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/cdes.org.ec\/webantigua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8243\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8281,"href":"https:\/\/cdes.org.ec\/webantigua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8243\/revisions\/8281"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdes.org.ec\/webantigua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8265"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdes.org.ec\/webantigua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8243"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdes.org.ec\/webantigua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8243"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdes.org.ec\/webantigua\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8243"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}